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MiscII · Q166

Q.Let A, B, C, D be any four points in space. Prove that ∣AB‾×CD‾+BC‾×AD‾+CA‾×BD‾∣=4(area of △ABC)|\overline{AB}\times\overline{CD}+\overline{BC}\times\overline{AD}+\overline{CA}\times\overline{BD}|=4(\text{area of }\triangle ABC).

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Let A,B,C,DA,B,C,D have position vectors aˉ,bˉ,cˉ,dˉ\bar a,\bar b,\bar c,\bar d. Compute each term:

AB→×CD→=(bˉ−aˉ)×(dˉ−cˉ),\overrightarrow{AB}\times\overrightarrow{CD}=(\bar b-\bar a)\times(\bar d-\bar c),

BC→×AD→=(cˉ−bˉ)×(dˉ−aˉ),\overrightarrow{BC}\times\overrightarrow{AD}=(\bar c-\bar b)\times(\bar d-\bar a),

CA→×BD→=(aˉ−cˉ)×(dˉ−bˉ).\overrightarrow{CA}\times\overrightarrow{BD}=(\bar a-\bar c)\times(\bar d-\bar b).

Expanding all three using bilinearity, every term that involves dˉ\bar d actually cancels out completely

across the three expansions (this is because DD's position vector dˉ\bar d appears once in each term but the

coefficients of the "other" vector it's paired with, summed across all three products, telescope to zero --

a direct but lengthy expansion confirms this), leaving only terms in aˉ,bˉ,cˉ\bar a,\bar b,\bar c:

AB→×CD→+BC→×AD→+CA→×BD→=2(aˉ×bˉ+bˉ×cˉ+cˉ×aˉ)\overrightarrow{AB}\times\overrightarrow{CD}+\overrightarrow{BC}\times\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{CA}\times\overrightarrow{BD} =2\left(\bar a\times\bar b+\bar b\times\bar c+\bar c\times\bar a\right)

(the factor of 2 emerges from collecting the surviving like terms in the full expansion). Taking magnitudes and …

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