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EXERCISE 1.3 · Q135

Q.Show that dydx=yx\dfrac{dy}{dx}=\dfrac{y}{x} in the following, where aa and pp are constants: sec⁡x5+y5x5−y5=a2\sec\dfrac{x^5+y^5}{x^5-y^5}=a^2

Maharashtra MsbshseTextbookSubjectiveImportance★★★★★
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Given sec⁡x5+y5x5−y5=a2\sec\dfrac{x^5+y^5}{x^5-y^5}=a^2 (aa constant).

Step 1 — since sec⁡(⋅)=a2\sec(\cdot)=a^2 is a fixed number, the angle itself is a fixed number too. Let

x5+y5x5−y5=k(k=sec⁡−1(a2), a constant)\frac{x^5+y^5}{x^5-y^5}=k \quad(k=\sec^{-1}(a^2),\text{ a constant})

Step 2 — cross-multiply:

x5+y5=k(x5−y5)x^5+y^5=k(x^5-y^5)

Step 3 — differentiate implicitly (kk is constant):

5x4+5y4dydx=k(5x4−5y4dydx)5x^4+5y^4\frac{dy}{dx}=k\left(5x^4-5y^4\frac{dy}{dx}\right)

x4+y4dydx=kx4−ky4dydxx^4+y^4\frac{dy}{dx}=kx^4-ky^4\frac{dy}{dx}

Step 4 — collect dy/dxdy/dx terms:

dydx y4(1+k)=x4(k−1)\frac{dy}{dx}\,y^4(1+k)=x^4(k-1)

dydx=x4(k−1)y4(1+k)\frac{dy}{dx}=\frac{x^4(k-1)}{y^4(1+k)} …

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