Concept understanding — Derivatives of Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Inverse trigonometric functions (sin−1x,cos−1x,tan−1x,cot−1x,sec−1x,cosec−1x) are multi-valued in general, so a principal branch (a restricted domain and range) is fixed for each before differentiating. Each derivative is found by treating y= (inverse trig function of x) as x= (trig function of y), differentiating implicitly with respect to y, and using a Pythagorean identity to express the result back in terms of x. The six standard results are: dxdsin−1x=1−x21, dxdcos−1x=−1−x21, dxdtan−1x=1+x21, dxdcot−1x=−1+x21, dxdsec−1x=xx2−11 (for x>1; sign flips for x<−1), and dxdcosec−1x=−xx2−11 (for x>1; sign flips for x<−1). When the argument is a function f(x) rather than pla …
First term: using tan−1A−tan−1B=tan−11+ABA−B with A=3x,B=2x: 1+ABA−B=1+6x2x. So tan−11+6x2x=tan−1(3x)−tan−1(2x).
Second term: using tan−1A+tan−1B=tan−11−ABA+B with A=2x,B=5x: 1−ABA+B=1−10x27x. So tan−11−10x27x=tan−1(2x)+tan−1(5x); and since cot−1z=tan−1(1/z) for z>0, cot−17x1−10x2=tan−11−10x27x=tan−1(2x)+tan−1(5x). …