Q.Draw the equivalent circuit of Transmission lines.

A transmission line is modelled by an equivalent circuit made up of its distributed primary constants R, L, C and G, arranged as a repeated ladder network. …

[!TLDR]

The transmission-line equivalent circuit is a repeated ladder of series R and L with shunt C and G per section.

Because the primary constants R, L, C and G are distributed along the whole length of a transmission line, the line is represented by an equivalent circuit built from many identical small sections joined in cascade (a ladder network).

In each section:

• a series resistance R and a series inductance L lie in the top conductor (representing the conductor resistance and inductance of that length),
• a shunt capacitance C in parallel with a shunt conductance G connects the top conductor to the bottom (return) conductor (representing the capacitance between the wires and the leakage through the dielectric). …