Q.Distinguish between SOP and POS equations.

A sum-of-products (SOP) equation is the logical OR of AND (product) terms, formed from the input combinations that make the output 1; a product-of-sums (POS) equation is the logical AND of OR (sum) terms, formed from the combinations that make the output 0. …

[!TLDR]

SOP is a sum (OR) of product (AND) terms built from the output-1 rows; POS is a product (AND) of sum (OR) terms built from the output-0 rows.

Any Boolean function can be written in either of two standard forms.

Sum of Products (SOP): the expression is a logical sum (OR) of several product terms, where each product term is an AND of literals. It is written directly from the truth-table rows where the output is 1 (the minterms). Example: $Y = AB + \overline{A}C$.

Product of Sums (POS): the expression is a logical product (AND) of several sum terms, where each sum term is an OR of literals. It is written from the rows where the output is 0 (the maxterms). Example: $Y = (A + B)(\overline{A} + C)$. …